E-ISSN 2231-3206 | ISSN 2320-4672
 
2023, Vol: 13, Issue: 9
13 / 9Current Issue Online FirstArchiveAims and ScopeAbstracting & IndexingMost Accessed ArticlesMost Downloaded ArticlesMost Cited Articles
Required files to be uploaded

Authorship Declaration

Original Research 


A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata

Rajarshi As, Koushik Chatterjee, Moumita Mandal, Sagarika Sarkar.

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a large public health problem which is rapidly increasing globally as well as in India affecting all age groups. Uncontrolled diabetes increases risk of microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to establish the association between glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) level and presence and severity of DR.

Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kolkata approved by the institutional Research and Ethics Committee. In this study, 107 Type 2 diabetic patients of 40 years of age and above were taken. Direct Ophthalmoscopy for examination of retina and blood for fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), and HbA1C estimation was done.

Results: Results were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Chi-square test, Fischer Exact test, Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis test were used in statistical analysis as appropriate. Results showed that there was significant association between uncontrolled HbA1C level and presence and severity of DR.

Conclusion: Proper screening of HbA1C at an early stage of diabetes can give an alarm to develop DR and thus help people to prevent it. The healthcare workers should make patients aware of the consequences of diabetes and should give advice about the regular checking of HbA1C level at frequent interval.

Key words: Diabetic Retinopathy; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Glycated Hemoglobin; Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy; Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy; Neovascularization on Disc; Neovascularization Elsewhere; Advanced Glycation End Product


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Rajarshi As
Articles by Koushik Chatterjee
Articles by Moumita Mandal
Articles by Sagarika Sarkar
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

As R, Chatterjee K, Mandal M, Sarkar S. A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2021; 11(7): 761-766. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021

Web Style

As R, Chatterjee K, Mandal M, Sarkar S. A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=82163 [Access: September 04, 2023]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

As R, Chatterjee K, Mandal M, Sarkar S. A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2021; 11(7): 761-766. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

As R, Chatterjee K, Mandal M, Sarkar S. A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2021), [cited September 04, 2023]; 11(7): 761-766. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021


Harvard Style

As, R., Chatterjee, . K., Mandal, . M. & Sarkar, . S. (2021) A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 11 (7), 761-766. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021


Turabian Style

As, Rajarshi, Koushik Chatterjee, Moumita Mandal, and Sagarika Sarkar. 2021. A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 11 (7), 761-766. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021


Chicago Style

As, Rajarshi, Koushik Chatterjee, Moumita Mandal, and Sagarika Sarkar. "A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 11 (2021), 761-766. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

As, Rajarshi, Koushik Chatterjee, Moumita Mandal, and Sagarika Sarkar. "A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 11.7 (2021), 761-766. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

As, R., Chatterjee, . K., Mandal, . M. & Sarkar, . S. (2021) A cross-sectional study on association between diabetic retinopathy and glycated hemoglobin level among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 11 (7), 761-766. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.05152202101062021


Author LoginReviewer LoginAbout PublisherEditorial PoliciesEditorial Review PolicyPeer Review PolicyEditorial & Peer Review ProcessPublication Ethics and Publication Malpractice StatementConflict of Interest PolicyPlagiarism PolicyProtection of Research Participants (Statement On Human And Animal Rights)Corrections, Retractions & Expressions of ConcernSelf-Archiving PoliciesStatement of Informed ConsentAdvertising PolicyTerms of UseLicense InformationCopyright Information

About National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology

  National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology is a monthly peer reviewed journal.  The journal is having open access polic ... Read more.



For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.

Contact Information

Publisher

publishernjppp@gmail.com

 

Editorial query

editornjppp1@gmail.com

MOB - 8780040272