Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study

Lally MS; Jayan Pariyani Savaringal

doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

2026, Vol: 16, Issue: 1

16 / 1Current Issue Online First Archive Aims and Scope Abstracting & Indexing Most Accessed Articles Most Downloaded Articles Most Cited Articles

Required files to be uploaded

NJPPP Manuscript Submission Form
Title Page

« Previous Article

Original Research
Online Published: 19 Apr 2023

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2023; 13(5): 1092-1097

doi: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study

Lally Ms, Jayan Pariyani Savaringal.

Abstract
Background: Breast Cancer is the most common cancer in the world and a leading cause of cancer deaths. The incidence and mortality vary widely. Multiple factors are found to be associated with the development of breast cancer.

Aims and Objectives: To study the role of drugs and other selected factors in the development of carcinoma breast.

Materials and Methods: A case–control study was done at Government Medical College Thrissur. Selected 125 cases and 250 controls. Data were collected by interview using a semi-structured proforma. The role of drugs, Body Mass Index (BMI), lifestyle, and reproductive factors were studied.

Results: The cases and controls were matching in their sociodemographic characteristics. The mean age of cases was 53 years (SD = 11.5) and that of controls was 51.74 years (SD = 11.5). Hysterectomy was found to be a risk factor of breast cancer, Odds Ratio 2.3 (1.05–5.05). Heavy work, with an Odds Ratio 0.89 (0.12–0.66), and milk consumption with an odds ratio 0.46 (0.27–0.78) were found to be protective factors. contraceptive pill, hormone replacement therapy, prolonged drug intake, BMI, age of menarche, parity, abortion, or infertility were not found to have significant association.

Conclusion: The history of drug intake is not having a role in the development of breast cancer. Hysterectomy is a risk factor while heavy work and milk consumption are protective factors in breast cancer development.

Key words: Breast Cancer; Risk Factors; Case–Control Study

	ARTICLE TOOLS
	Abstract
	PDF Fulltext
	How to cite this article
	Citation Tools
	Related Records
	Articles by Lally MS Articles by Jayan Pariyani Savaringal
	on Google
	on Google Scholar

How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Ms L, Savaringal JP. Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2023; 13(5): 1092-1097. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

Web Style

Ms L, Savaringal JP. Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=146403 [Access: November 02, 2025]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ms L, Savaringal JP. Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2023; 13(5): 1092-1097. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ms L, Savaringal JP. Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2023), [cited November 02, 2025]; 13(5): 1092-1097. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

Harvard Style

Ms, L. & Savaringal, . J. P. (2023) Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 13 (5), 1092-1097. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

Turabian Style

Ms, Lally, and Jayan Pariyani Savaringal. 2023. Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 13 (5), 1092-1097. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

Chicago Style

Ms, Lally, and Jayan Pariyani Savaringal. "Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 13 (2023), 1092-1097. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ms, Lally, and Jayan Pariyani Savaringal. "Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 13.5 (2023), 1092-1097. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ms, L. & Savaringal, . J. P. (2023) Association of drugs, reproductive and lifestyle factors with carcinoma breast among women in a tertiary care center - a case–control study. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 13 (5), 1092-1097. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03137202310042023

About National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Contact Information

How to cite this article