Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India

Pragnadyuti Mandal; Arijit Kayal; Debajyoti Saha; Payeli Debbarma; Avishek Mazumder

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

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Online Published: 11 Jun 2024

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(10): 2051-2057

doi: 10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India

Pragnadyuti Mandal, Arijit Kayal, Debajyoti Saha, Payeli Debbarma, Avishek Mazumder.

Abstract
Background: Antibiotics are frequently prescribed to critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). About 30–60% of antibiotics prescribed in ICUs are unnecessary, inappropriate, or suboptimal and contribute substantially to the development of antimicrobial resistance.

Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to assess the use of antibiotics based on the World Health Organization (WHO) access, watch, and reserve (AWaRe) index in a multidisciplinary ICU of a medical college and hospital in Eastern India.

Materials and Methods: The descriptive past record-based study was carried out among patients admitted in the multidisciplinary ICU of a medical college and hospital over 6 months. Information from the ICU bed head tickets (BHTs) was captured in a data record form and analyzed.

Results: A total of 97 BHTs were reviewed, and 257 antibiotics were prescribed to 90 patients. The prevalence of antibiotic use was 92.78%. Average number of antibiotics per patient was 2.85. In most instances (88.89%, 80), either two (28.88%), three (27.77%), or even four (20%) antibiotics were used. Frequency of use of AWaRe antibiotics was 21.43% (51/238), 67.23% (160/238), and 11.34% (27/238), respectively. Meropenem (15.12%, 36), piperacillin-tazobactam (36, 15.12%), and ceftriaxone (35, 14.70%) were the three most frequently prescribed watch group antibiotics. Most antibiotics were used empirically (60%), and 40% (36/90) use was targeted.

Conclusion: Empirical treatment with antibiotics is common in ICUs. The WHO AWaRe tool may check the injudicious and unnecessary use of antibiotics and thus promotes the rational use of antibiotics and prevent the development of antibiotic resistance in ICUs.

Key words: Antibiotic; Intensive Care Units; Critical Care Units; Antibiotic Utilization, Access, Watch and Reserve Antibiotics

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Pubmed Style

Mandal P, Kayal A, Saha D, Debbarma P, Mazumder A. Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(10): 2051-2057.

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

Web Style

Mandal P, Kayal A, Saha D, Debbarma P, Mazumder A. Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=201059 [Access: June 27, 2026].

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mandal P, Kayal A, Saha D, Debbarma P, Mazumder A. Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(10): 2051-2057.

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mandal P, Kayal A, Saha D, Debbarma P, Mazumder A. Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2024), [cited June 27, 2026]; 14(10): 2051-2057.

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

Harvard Style

Mandal, P., Kayal, . A., Saha, . D., Debbarma, . P. & Mazumder, . A. (2024) Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 14 (10), 2051-2057.

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

Turabian Style

Mandal, Pragnadyuti, Arijit Kayal, Debajyoti Saha, Payeli Debbarma, and Avishek Mazumder. 2024. Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (10), 2051-2057.

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

Chicago Style

Mandal, Pragnadyuti, Arijit Kayal, Debajyoti Saha, Payeli Debbarma, and Avishek Mazumder. "Assessment of the use of antibiotics based on the WHO access, watch, and reserve index in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a medical college in Eastern India." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14 (2024), 2051-2057.

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.05204202427052024

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