The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study

Ragini Singh Ghalaut; Deepika Dalal; Hemang Kumar; Aggarwal H K; Veena Singh Ghalaut

doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

2025, Vol: 15, Issue: 2

15 / 2Current Issue Online First Archive Aims and Scope Abstracting & Indexing Most Accessed Articles Most Downloaded Articles Most Cited Articles

Required files to be uploaded

NJPPP Manuscript Submission Form

« Previous Article

Original Research
Online Published: 07 Sep 2022

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2023; 13(4): 744-747

doi: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study

Ragini Singh Ghalaut, Deepika Dalal, Hemang Kumar, Aggarwal H K, Veena Singh Ghalaut.

Abstract
Background: Diabetes is highly prevalent and it is responsible for the increased financial burden on healthcare. Type II diabetes is a more prevalent form of diabetes. Uncontrolled and unsupervised type II diabetes may lead to various microvascular and macrovascular complications which are responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication characterized by the expansion of mesangial cells with thickening of the basement and nodular glomerulosis. TNF-alpha and IL-6 play an important role in causing detrimental changes leading to nephropathy. The study of the role of these inflammatory cytokines in patients with DN may help in the early diagnosis and management.

Aims and Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the evolution of DN patients.

Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, in collaboration with the Department of Medicine (Nephrology unit); Pt. B.D. Sharma, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak after ethical clearance. Forty patients with DN (Stages 3, 4, and 5) and forty patients with diabetes mellitus without nephropathy were taken up for study after taking informed consent.

Results: The mean serum TNF-α levels in cases was 33.05 ± 29.22 pg/mL and in controls was 17.67 ± 12.33 pg/mL. On the basis of unpaired t-test, the difference between the groups was statistically highly significant (P < 0.05). The mean serum interleukin-6 levels in cases was 24.92 ± 30.16 pg/mL (2.95–155.55 pg/mL) and in controls was 6.76 ± 5.82 pg/mL (2.22–35.42 pg/mL). On the basis of the t-test, the difference between the groups was statistically highly significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: TNF-α and IL-6 may serve as potential biomarkers for patients with DN and also in the development of newer therapeutic modalities for the prevention and treatment of DN.

Key words: Inflammatory Cytokines; Diabetic Nephropathy; IL-6; TNF-alpha; Diabetic Complications

	ARTICLE TOOLS
	Abstract
	PDF Fulltext
	How to cite this article
	Citation Tools
	Related Records
	Articles by Ragini Singh Ghalaut Articles by Deepika Dalal Articles by Hemang Kumar Articles by Aggarwal H K Articles by Veena Singh Ghalaut
	on Google
	on Google Scholar

How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Ghalaut RS, Dalal D, Kumar H, K AH, Ghalaut VS. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2023; 13(4): 744-747. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

Web Style

Ghalaut RS, Dalal D, Kumar H, K AH, Ghalaut VS. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=91617 [Access: March 08, 2025]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ghalaut RS, Dalal D, Kumar H, K AH, Ghalaut VS. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2023; 13(4): 744-747. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ghalaut RS, Dalal D, Kumar H, K AH, Ghalaut VS. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2023), [cited March 08, 2025]; 13(4): 744-747. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

Harvard Style

Ghalaut, R. S., Dalal, . D., Kumar, . H., K, . A. H. & Ghalaut, . V. S. (2023) The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 13 (4), 744-747. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

Turabian Style

Ghalaut, Ragini Singh, Deepika Dalal, Hemang Kumar, Aggarwal H K, and Veena Singh Ghalaut. 2023. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 13 (4), 744-747. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

Chicago Style

Ghalaut, Ragini Singh, Deepika Dalal, Hemang Kumar, Aggarwal H K, and Veena Singh Ghalaut. "The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 13 (2023), 744-747. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ghalaut, Ragini Singh, Deepika Dalal, Hemang Kumar, Aggarwal H K, and Veena Singh Ghalaut. "The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 13.4 (2023), 744-747. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ghalaut, R. S., Dalal, . D., Kumar, . H., K, . A. H. & Ghalaut, . V. S. (2023) The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 – in the evolution of diabetic nephropathy: A comparative study. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 13 (4), 744-747. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.073742022300082022

About National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Contact Information

How to cite this article