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Review Article
Online Published: 07 Nov 2019
 


How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?

Suresh Kumar Sharma, Shiv Kumar Mudgal, Kalpana Thakur, Rakhi Gaur.


Cited By:270

Abstract
Sample size estimation for a research study is the most crucial part of the research process because it helps to produce reliable results which improve generalizability of study results. A researcher must have understanding about significance level, effect size, study’s power, and effect size; margin of error and ratio in event among population and design effect to use sample size calculation formulas efficiently. There are different formulas of sample size calculation for different types of variables measured in distinct study designs, namely descriptive, epidemiological, comparative, and interventional research studies which are covered in this article. Review authors searched online and grey literature related to sample size and read extensively. There were two authors who extracted and complied information related to topic.

Key words: Sample Size Calculation; Observational Studies; Experimental Studies; Case–Control and Cohort Studies


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Sharma SK, Mudgal SK, Thakur K, Gaur R. How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2020; 10(1): 1-8.

doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

Web Style

Sharma SK, Mudgal SK, Thakur K, Gaur R. How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=64651 [Access: June 26, 2026].

doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Sharma SK, Mudgal SK, Thakur K, Gaur R. How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2020; 10(1): 1-8.


doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Sharma SK, Mudgal SK, Thakur K, Gaur R. How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2020), [cited June 26, 2026]; 10(1): 1-8.


doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

Harvard Style

Sharma, S. K., Mudgal, . S. K., Thakur, . K. & Gaur, . R. (2020) How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 10 (1), 1-8.


doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

Turabian Style

Sharma, Suresh Kumar, Shiv Kumar Mudgal, Kalpana Thakur, and Rakhi Gaur. 2020. How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 10 (1), 1-8.


doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

Chicago Style

Sharma, Suresh Kumar, Shiv Kumar Mudgal, Kalpana Thakur, and Rakhi Gaur. "How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 10 (2020), 1-8.


doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Sharma, Suresh Kumar, Shiv Kumar Mudgal, Kalpana Thakur, and Rakhi Gaur. "How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 10.1 (2020), 1-8. Print.


doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Sharma, S. K., Mudgal, . S. K., Thakur, . K. & Gaur, . R. (2020) How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies?. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 10 (1), 1-8.


doi:10.5455/njppp.2020.10.0930717102019

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