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2023, Vol: 13, Issue: 9
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Original Research 


Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs

Mangala Bhaskar Murthy, Krishna Jagtap, Shraddha Milind Pore, Bhaskar Murthy, Amar Shinde, Shreyas Burute.

Abstract
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to antiretroviral drugs have a varied pattern and wide spectrum of severity from mild to very serious. The lack of a pre-established time-reaction sequence hampers the causality assessment of ADRs. Recognition of pattern of ADRs to antiretroviral drugs in a particular setup might sensitize the reporters to report ADRs, especially in setups dependent on spontaneous reporting.

Aim and Objectives: The study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for ADRs reported to antiretroviral drugs.

Materials and Methods: Retrospective study was conducted at a first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) center after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Pattern of ADRs associated with ART was done by analyzing the type of ADRs, severity, and outcome of ADRs reported to antiretroviral drugs. Mean duration of time lapse between administration of drug to onset of adverse drug reaction was calculated. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis.

Results: There were 73 adverse reactions reported. Most common type of adverse reaction was cutaneous (53.42%) followed by anemia (31%). Causality assessment of most ADRs was concluded as possible (60.27%). Most ADRs were of moderate severity and 12% were severe reactions. Reactions such as anemia and neuropsychiatric ADRs often occurred late, while maculopapular rash usually occurred within 30 days of drug administration.

Conclusions: ADRs to ART include an array of reactions ranging from mild rash to psychosis or severe anemia. Most of these reactions are of moderate severity and have a favorable outcome. Many of these reactions actually occur almost a month after initiating a drug regime suggesting the need for intensive monitoring around this time.

Key words: Antiretroviral Therapy; Adverse Drug Reactions; Maculopapular Rash; Causality Assessment


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Murthy MB, Jagtap K, Pore SM, Murthy B, Shinde A, Burute S. Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2023; 13(2): 249-254. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022

Web Style

Murthy MB, Jagtap K, Pore SM, Murthy B, Shinde A, Burute S. Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=61970 [Access: September 03, 2023]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Murthy MB, Jagtap K, Pore SM, Murthy B, Shinde A, Burute S. Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2023; 13(2): 249-254. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Murthy MB, Jagtap K, Pore SM, Murthy B, Shinde A, Burute S. Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2023), [cited September 03, 2023]; 13(2): 249-254. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022


Harvard Style

Murthy, M. B., Jagtap, . K., Pore, . S. M., Murthy, . B., Shinde, . A. & Burute, . S. (2023) Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 13 (2), 249-254. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022


Turabian Style

Murthy, Mangala Bhaskar, Krishna Jagtap, Shraddha Milind Pore, Bhaskar Murthy, Amar Shinde, and Shreyas Burute. 2023. Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 13 (2), 249-254. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022


Chicago Style

Murthy, Mangala Bhaskar, Krishna Jagtap, Shraddha Milind Pore, Bhaskar Murthy, Amar Shinde, and Shreyas Burute. "Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 13 (2023), 249-254. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Murthy, Mangala Bhaskar, Krishna Jagtap, Shraddha Milind Pore, Bhaskar Murthy, Amar Shinde, and Shreyas Burute. "Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 13.2 (2023), 249-254. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Murthy, M. B., Jagtap, . K., Pore, . S. M., Murthy, . B., Shinde, . A. & Burute, . S. (2023) Study of pattern and time-reaction sequence for adverse drug reactions reported to antiretroviral drugs. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 13 (2), 249-254. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.06297202220062022


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