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Case Report
Online Published: 01 Aug 2024
 


Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report

Jegadeeshkrishnan M, Vijaya Chandra Reddy Konda, Bhargavi D, Pavankumar G Kale.


Abstract
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiological condition characterized by headaches, seizures, confusion, and visual impairment. It typically causes transient lesions in the posterior white matter in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. PRES induced by chemotherapy is uncommon in oncology but can be a significant neurological event. The exact cause of PRES remains unclear. This case report describes a 15-year-old female patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed PRES following chemotherapy with prednisolone (100 mg), vincristine (2 mg), and daunorubicin (40 mg) as per the modified Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster (95/2002) protocol. She developed headaches, partial seizures, and elevated blood pressure 1 day after starting chemotherapy. Brain MRI showed T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensities in the bilateral cerebral parenchyma, brainstem, and cerebellum. She was treated with levetiracetam (500 mg stat and then 1.5 g BD) for seizures, amlodipine (5 mg) for hypertension, and paracetamol (650 mg TDS) for headaches. Her symptoms improved and resolved within 2 days. The event was deemed possibly related to the chemotherapy drugs according to the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre causality assessment system.

Key words: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Chemotherapy; Adverse Drug Reaction


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

M J, Konda VCR, D B, Kale PG. Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(10): 2325-2328. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024

Web Style

M J, Konda VCR, D B, Kale PG. Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=209180 [Access: October 03, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

M J, Konda VCR, D B, Kale PG. Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(10): 2325-2328. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

M J, Konda VCR, D B, Kale PG. Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2024), [cited October 03, 2024]; 14(10): 2325-2328. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024


Harvard Style

M, J., Konda, . V. C. R., D, . B. & Kale, . P. G. (2024) Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 14 (10), 2325-2328. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024


Turabian Style

M, Jegadeeshkrishnan, Vijaya Chandra Reddy Konda, Bhargavi D, and Pavankumar G Kale. 2024. Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (10), 2325-2328. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024


Chicago Style

M, Jegadeeshkrishnan, Vijaya Chandra Reddy Konda, Bhargavi D, and Pavankumar G Kale. "Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14 (2024), 2325-2328. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

M, Jegadeeshkrishnan, Vijaya Chandra Reddy Konda, Bhargavi D, and Pavankumar G Kale. "Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14.10 (2024), 2325-2328. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

M, J., Konda, . V. C. R., D, . B. & Kale, . P. G. (2024) Chemotherapy-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in an adolescent patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia – A case report. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (10), 2325-2328. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.07291202420072024




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