E-ISSN 2231-3206 | ISSN 2320-4672
 

Original Research
Online Published: 11 Jun 2024
 


In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations

Sudhir Pawar, Vaishali Shirsat, Jaisen M Lokhande, Manasi Rege, Prathmesh Honrao, Prajakta Gidde, Nitin Gavari, Avishek Mukherjee.


Abstract
Background: While generic drugs and branded drugs are supposed to be bioequivalent, generic drugs have the additional benefit of being available at a lower cost which can be important in patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension. However, there are some concerns among clinicians that generic drugs may not be as effective as the branded counterparts. Hence, there is a need to generate comparative data between the branded and the generic drugs.

Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the pharmaceutical parameters and costs of four generic antihypertensive drugs with their branded counterparts.

Materials and Methods: Four antihypertensive drugs, namely, ramipril, atenolol, enalapril, and amlodipine were considered for evaluation for which their generic and branded samples were taken. All the drugs were in tablet form. The costs of these drugs were recorded, and various in vitro tests were conducted to assess and compare their characteristics, including disintegration, dissolution, hardness, weight variation, friability, thickness, diameter, and quantitative analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. These tests were done in accordance with the specifications outlined in the Indian Pharmacopoeia 2018.

Results: All the branded drugs were more expensive than the generic counterparts. Quantitative assay of the generic sample of ramipril tablets showed a lower amount of the active ingredient than the stated value. Apart from the hardness values of the tablets, all the generic and branded samples fell within the specified normal range for most of the other important parameters.

Conclusion: Generic antihypertensive tablets, were less costly than their branded counterparts and generally met the specified standards in in vitro testing. However, there were instances of subpar hardness results and a deficiency in the stated drug amount in the generic (less ramipril content in sample). These findings suggest the importance of rigorous quality control measures for generic medications particularly for those formulations liable for degradation.

Key words: Quantitative Assay; Disintegration Test; Dissolution Test; Generic Drugs; Branded Drugs


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Pawar S, Shirsat V, Lokhande JM, Rege M, Honrao P, Gidde P, Gavari N, Mukherjee A. In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(7): 1459-1465. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024


Web Style

Pawar S, Shirsat V, Lokhande JM, Rege M, Honrao P, Gidde P, Gavari N, Mukherjee A. In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=198903 [Access: November 01, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Pawar S, Shirsat V, Lokhande JM, Rege M, Honrao P, Gidde P, Gavari N, Mukherjee A. In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(7): 1459-1465. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Pawar S, Shirsat V, Lokhande JM, Rege M, Honrao P, Gidde P, Gavari N, Mukherjee A. In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2024), [cited November 01, 2024]; 14(7): 1459-1465. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024



Harvard Style

Pawar, S., Shirsat, . V., Lokhande, . J. M., Rege, . M., Honrao, . P., Gidde, . P., Gavari, . N. & Mukherjee, . A. (2024) In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 14 (7), 1459-1465. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024



Turabian Style

Pawar, Sudhir, Vaishali Shirsat, Jaisen M Lokhande, Manasi Rege, Prathmesh Honrao, Prajakta Gidde, Nitin Gavari, and Avishek Mukherjee. 2024. In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (7), 1459-1465. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024



Chicago Style

Pawar, Sudhir, Vaishali Shirsat, Jaisen M Lokhande, Manasi Rege, Prathmesh Honrao, Prajakta Gidde, Nitin Gavari, and Avishek Mukherjee. "In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14 (2024), 1459-1465. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Pawar, Sudhir, Vaishali Shirsat, Jaisen M Lokhande, Manasi Rege, Prathmesh Honrao, Prajakta Gidde, Nitin Gavari, and Avishek Mukherjee. "In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14.7 (2024), 1459-1465. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Pawar, S., Shirsat, . V., Lokhande, . J. M., Rege, . M., Honrao, . P., Gidde, . P., Gavari, . N. & Mukherjee, . A. (2024) In vitro quantitative and qualitative analysis of anti-hypertensive tablets and comparison between their generic versus branded formulations. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (7), 1459-1465. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04181202429052024