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Original Research
Online Published: 15 Jul 2024
 


A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India

Muthu Meera, Mariappan Anitha, Raghavan Monica, Raj Kishore Mahato.


Abstract
Background: Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species (ESKAPE) pathogens are the leading causes of nosocomial infections throughout the world. So far, no large-scale study on ESKAPE pathogens has been conducted in India and there is lack of a deep insight regarding antimicrobial resistance.

Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted with the objective of estimating the prevalence of resistance to currently available antibiotics among the four Gram-negative pathogens – K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted using records of the microbiology department over a period of 2 years from January 2020 to December 2021. Individual susceptibility of the above-mentioned Gram-negative pathogens to each of the following antibiotics – trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, minocycline, tigecycline, and colistin was analyzed.

Results: K. pneumoniae showed the highest resistance to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (78.8%) followed by ceftazidime (73.5%), whereas its maximum sensitivity was for tigecycline (54.5%). A. baumannii showed maximum resistance (91.1%) for three antibiotics-ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam. The organism exhibited maximum sensitivity to tigecycline (69.6%). P. aeruginosa exhibited the highest sensitivity (75%) for both ceftazidime and cefoperazone/sulbactam, whereas it showed maximum resistance to tigecycline (97.5%). Enterobacter species showed maximum resistance (75%) for ceftazidime and cefoperazone/sulbactam and maximum sensitivity (87.5%) for tigecycline and carbapenems.

Conclusion: Updated knowledge regarding the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance will help in strengthening antimicrobial stewardship and encourage curtailing unnecessary use of high-end antibiotics.

Key words: Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species pathogens; Multidrug Resistance; Nosocomial Infections


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Meera M, Anitha M, Monica R, Mahato RK. A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(10): 2220-2224. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024

Web Style

Meera M, Anitha M, Monica R, Mahato RK. A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=198143 [Access: October 03, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Meera M, Anitha M, Monica R, Mahato RK. A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(10): 2220-2224. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Meera M, Anitha M, Monica R, Mahato RK. A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2024), [cited October 03, 2024]; 14(10): 2220-2224. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024


Harvard Style

Meera, M., Anitha, . M., Monica, . R. & Mahato, . R. K. (2024) A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 14 (10), 2220-2224. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024


Turabian Style

Meera, Muthu, Mariappan Anitha, Raghavan Monica, and Raj Kishore Mahato. 2024. A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (10), 2220-2224. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024


Chicago Style

Meera, Muthu, Mariappan Anitha, Raghavan Monica, and Raj Kishore Mahato. "A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14 (2024), 2220-2224. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Meera, Muthu, Mariappan Anitha, Raghavan Monica, and Raj Kishore Mahato. "A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14.10 (2024), 2220-2224. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Meera, M., Anitha, . M., Monica, . R. & Mahato, . R. K. (2024) A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (10), 2220-2224. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.04175202407072024




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