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Original Research
Online Published: 16 Oct 2023
 


Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates

Mangala Srinivas, Chandralekha Netharakere, Padmaja Udaykumar, Nicole Pereira.


Abstract
Background: Assessment plays an essential role in the evaluation of learning, and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are one of the components of examinations. Item analysis enables identifying good MCQs based on difficulty index (DIF I), discrimination index (DI), and distractor effectiveness (DE). The assessment of learning will be more meaningful with routine item analysis.

Aims and Objectives: The item analysis helps us to assess the validity and reliability of MCQs and to generate a valid MCQ question bank for future use.

Materials and Methods: A set of 30 single best response type MCQs or items was used for assessment in 155 phase II MBBS students at a medical college in Mangalore. Each item was pre-validated before and later analyzed for its DIF I, DI, and DE.

Results: In the study, the means of DIF I were 55.91 ± 18.48%, DI, was 0.35 ± 0.16%, and distractor efficiency was 72.19 ± 29.15%. Out of 30 items, 22 had a “good to acceptable” level of DIF I, and 18 items had “good to excellent” discrimination power. 81% were functional distractors among 120 distractors. A correlation r = 0.1968 indicates a positive correlation between DIF I and DI.

Conclusion: The majority of the MCQs in this study fell within the acceptable range when measured against the three factors analyzed. This suggests that the key to developing valid and reliable MCQs is possible only when regular item analysis is done for all MCQ-based tests.

Key words: Multiple-choice Questions; Item Analysis; Validation; Assessment; Reliability; Difficulty Index; Discrimination Index; Nonfunctional Distractors


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Srinivas M, Netharakere C, Udaykumar P, Pereira N. Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(5): 861-865. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023

Web Style

Srinivas M, Netharakere C, Udaykumar P, Pereira N. Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=170285 [Access: October 03, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Srinivas M, Netharakere C, Udaykumar P, Pereira N. Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(5): 861-865. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Srinivas M, Netharakere C, Udaykumar P, Pereira N. Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2024), [cited October 03, 2024]; 14(5): 861-865. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023


Harvard Style

Srinivas, M., Netharakere, . C., Udaykumar, . P. & Pereira, . N. (2024) Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 14 (5), 861-865. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023


Turabian Style

Srinivas, Mangala, Chandralekha Netharakere, Padmaja Udaykumar, and Nicole Pereira. 2024. Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (5), 861-865. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023


Chicago Style

Srinivas, Mangala, Chandralekha Netharakere, Padmaja Udaykumar, and Nicole Pereira. "Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14 (2024), 861-865. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Srinivas, Mangala, Chandralekha Netharakere, Padmaja Udaykumar, and Nicole Pereira. "Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14.5 (2024), 861-865. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Srinivas, M., Netharakere, . C., Udaykumar, . P. & Pereira, . N. (2024) Item analysis of multiple-choice questions in pharmacology among medical undergraduates. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (5), 861-865. doi:10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09458202304102023




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