A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic

Dharmesh Patel; Rajesh Desai; Jasmin Parmar; Manish Ramavat

doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

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Original Research
Online Published: 29 Aug 2020

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2020; 10(10): 910-914

doi: 10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic

Dharmesh Patel, Rajesh Desai, Jasmin Parmar, Manish Ramavat.

Cited By:2

Abstract
Background: Lockdown helps in achieving the goal of reducing coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 virus infections but also causes loneliness increasing mental issues such as anxiety and depression. Even if all restrictions are lifted from June 8, we have to take proper precautions such as social distance, wearing masks, and frequent hand washing.

Aims and Objectives: This study aims to access respiratory etiquette, anxiety, and depression regarding COVID pandemic among participants after lifting the restriction of lockdown.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 260 participants during JuneJuly 2020. Structured pro forma was used for data collection. General anxiety disorder-7 and patient health questionnaire-9 scales were used to assess anxiety and depression respectively. Google link was shared using purposive snowball sampling method. Consent obtained electronically through Google Forms.

Results: Out of 260 participants, only 17.3% of participants always used mask. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 50.4% and 44.6%, respectively. Significant association of anxiety and depression was observed with 3145 age group, female, health-care professionals (HCPs), and those participants whose family members were COVID-19 positive.

Conclusions: Lower respiratory hygiene etiquette after lifting of lockdown may be due to reduced fear of getting COVID-19 infection among the participants. Anxiety and depression level was associated with economic productive age group, female, HCPs, and those participants whose family members were COVID-19 positive.

Key words: Anxiety; COVID-19; Depression; Lockdown; Respiratory Etiquette

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Pubmed Style

Patel D, Desai R, Parmar J, Ramavat M. A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2020; 10(10): 910-914. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

Web Style

Patel D, Desai R, Parmar J, Ramavat M. A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=126312 [Access: March 08, 2025]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Patel D, Desai R, Parmar J, Ramavat M. A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2020; 10(10): 910-914. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Patel D, Desai R, Parmar J, Ramavat M. A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2020), [cited March 08, 2025]; 10(10): 910-914. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

Harvard Style

Patel, D., Desai, . R., Parmar, . J. & Ramavat, . M. (2020) A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 10 (10), 910-914. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

Turabian Style

Patel, Dharmesh, Rajesh Desai, Jasmin Parmar, and Manish Ramavat. 2020. A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 10 (10), 910-914. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

Chicago Style

Patel, Dharmesh, Rajesh Desai, Jasmin Parmar, and Manish Ramavat. "A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 10 (2020), 910-914. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Patel, Dharmesh, Rajesh Desai, Jasmin Parmar, and Manish Ramavat. "A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 10.10 (2020), 910-914. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Patel, D., Desai, . R., Parmar, . J. & Ramavat, . M. (2020) A cross-sectional study regarding respiratory etiquette and stress during novel coronavirus pandemic. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 10 (10), 910-914. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.10.08229202024082020

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